EDITING
Jump Cutting is where the a long section of a clip is shot and when editing. They cut out a few seconds to make it look as if the camera has glitched and moved forwards or backwards very quickly. Sometimes this is uneasy for the audience as it can be very jarring. This is sometimes an alternative to using cutaways.
CGI stands for Camera Generated Imagery and is basically special effects used whilst editing. Most movies use CGI, this is because green screens are used and editing CGI into a green screen is easier than a normal setting from a movie. CGI is also used in music videos, TV programmes and adverts. This means all these types of filming uses green screen.
Chroma Keying is the main part of green screening. Its the main colour used to be replaced with a different type of background. Most green screens are used with a green coloured screen, this is why its called 'green screen', however there is blue screens that are used.
Special FX is illusions and mind tricks used in music videos or movies. Its used to create odd looking characters as if they are from a different planet. For an example, Katy Perry used special FX makeup in her E.T music video.
Parallel Editing- This is where you cut between two or more different narratives or even locations at the same time. For example, the artist could be singing and at the same time the story behind his/her lyrics could be payed out in other footage running in parallel.
Timing your video with the music- Music, by its nature has a rhythm. Sometimes it can be logical to edit/cut some of your scenes to the beat or lyrics of the track. For example, Stormzy's music video 'Big For Your Boots' has scenes cut to the beat of the music, this makes the music video feel as if there is more rhythm.
Fast paced editing- Fast paced editing is when the shot is only made about 2 seconds long. To create a perfect fast paced shot, the subject should be in the middle of the frame. This is because the audience will have a clearer idea on what the focus is. If the subject was on the bottom right side of the frame it would be harder to understand. Having the subject in the centre of the frames allows the audience time to comprehend what they're seeing.
Slow paced editing- Slow paced editing is used for shots with a longer duration. Tension builds up during the shot of a slow edit. An example is of the subject walking with the camera following slowly, this begins building up tension for the audience as they dont know what is about to happen.
Tracking Shots used in Music Videos
How they are used- A tracking shot is any shot where the camera moves alongside (side to side) the object it is recording. Tracking shot is very similar to tracking or dollying. Another term used for tracking shot is crabbing. This is because the camera moves on its side like a crab.
What tech is used-Its filmed an a dolly track with a large camera mounted on top. However, steadicams and stabilized gimbal mounts can be used too.
Examples of Tracking Shots used in Music Videos
An example of a tracking shot used in a music video is 'This is America- Childish Gambino'. This is a great example as for the majority of the music video. The camera follows round the dancers and the main singer. The main signer is mostly in the middle of the screen all time which helps the audience know who is the lead of this music video.
SOUND
- Non-diegetic sound is any sound that the audience can hear but the characters on screen cannot. Any appearance of background music is a prime example of non-diegetic sound.
- Diegetic sound is a noise which has a source on-screen. They are noises which have not been edited in, for example dialogue between characters or footsteps.
- Parallel sound is when the music matches the mood of the video. For example, this music video by George Michael matches the mood of the video. The mood is shown as quite sad as he had a girlfriend and had an affair with another woman. By the end of the music video, you can see that the man had made a mistake and had broke his ex's heart.
- Contrapuntal sound is when the music goes against the mood of the video. For example, the song 'Sad Happy' by Circa Waves shows a upbeat happy song yet a sad storylines video.